What do they eat? A survey of eat-out habit of university students in Taiwan

[EN] Main purpose of this research is trying to understand food likeliness of Taiwan college students, and probe whether these food are healthy. Three survey steps are taken as: step 1, market survey for what kind of foods are selling around the campuses; step 2, questionnaire investigation for students food preference; step 3, analyzing whether these favorite foods are healthy or not. The result shows: major consideration for students food selection are “taste” and “price”; 63% of students are taking food or snacks late at night at least once a week. Top three most favorite foods are: Taiwanese fries (yan su ji), carbon grilled chicken and fried fish steaks. Quantities of these foods are small, prices are low, and easy access from roadside food stands. Problems of them are high calories, easy to accumulate free radical in human body, plus insanitary food processing environment. They are harmful to student health. We suggest Taiwan government take it seriouslyShih, K.; Wang, M.; Shih, H.; Lee, S.; Lin, T. (2020). What do they eat? A survey of eat-out habit of university students in Taiwan. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 421-430. https://doi.org/10.4995/INN2019.2019.10562OCS42143

A Study of Using Cepstrogram for Countermeasure Against Replay Attacks

In this paper, we investigate the properties of the cepstrogram and demonstrate its effectiveness as a powerful feature for countermeasure against replay attacks. Cepstrum analysis of replay attacks suggests that crucial information for anti-spoofing against replay attacks may retain in the cepstrogram. Experimental results on the ASVspoof 2019 physical access (PA) database demonstrate that, compared with other features, the cepstrogram dominates in both single and fusion systems when building countermeasures against replay attacks. Our LCNN-based single and fusion systems with the cepstrogram feature outperform the corresponding LCNN-based systems without using the cepstrogram feature and several state-of-the-art (SOTA) single and fusion systems in the literature.Comment: Submitted to INTERSPEECH 202

A Hybrid Meta-heuristic for the Container Loading Problem

It is very common in an enterprise daily operation to solve Container Loading Problem (CLP). Especially, it is an important issue in the logistic management. The problem aims to determine the arrangement of objects with the best utilization ratio in a container. It belongs to the combinatorial optimization problem. In this paper, a two-phased method focusing on the improvement of the efficiency and on the reducing of the problem size is proposed. In the first phase, a constructive method incorporated with a decision rule borrowing from ant colony optimization is used to construct tower set. The pheromone updating mechanism is useful in choosing proper object while constructing tower using decision rule. In the second phase, an improvement method based on genetic algorithm is used. First, the method sorts the towers by the utilization ratio and then assigns a number to each tower accordingly. The chromosome is a sequence of tower numbers which represents the arrangement of towers in the container’s bottom plane. The fitness function is defined as the utilization ratio. A new structure to store the pheromone is proposed which can help the ant in choosing the appropriate object while constructing tower. In this way, the efficiency of the method and the utilization of the container are improved

THE ANTECEDENTS OF AN INDIVIDUAL\u27S COMMITMENTS TOWARD CONTINUOUSLY USING SOCIAL NETWORK SITE

The Social network sites (SNS) has been rapid diffusion around the world. With the increasing importance of SNS, continuance intention also becomes a popular issue in the SNS context. SNS providers have to maintain better relationships with users and make individuals continue to use their sites. Based on this phenomenon, the objective of this study is to gain a better understanding of the continuance intention of SNS through examining the effects of commitments. Specifically, followed Meyer and Allen’s three-component model of commitment, we develop a theoretical model to understand the factors that influence normative, affective and continued commitment and investigate the effects of commitments on continuance intention in the SNS context. Through a survey-based empirical investigation, we anticipate the results to enhance our existing knowledge on continuance intention in the SNS context

Orbital Control and Climate Feedbacks on Ice Age Cycles during Plio-Pliestocene.

Orbital forcing of Pleistocene climate has been firmly established since the development of the benthic δ18O record, a proxy for glacial ice volume, three decades ago. However, our understanding of ice age cycles and the involving feedback remains limited. Prediction based on Milankovitch theory that both ~21kyr and ~41kyr cycles exist in the ice volume record failed to explain Pleistocene benthic δ18O record which is dominated by ~41kyr periodicity before 0.8 Ma. This failure of Milankovitch theory has inspired new hypotheses to account for the unexplained features of the ice volume record. The variety of these hypotheses indicates the complication of the climate-orbital linkage: instead of simple radiative forcing of high latitudes, internal climate feedbacks might play an important role in the cause of ice age cycles. However, these hypotheses are largely untested to date. Marine proxy records demonstrate tropical climate oscillations in accordance with high-latitude climate changes. Based on these records, tropical region has been recognized as a possible amplifier of the obliquity insolation change. Nevertheless, the pathways through which the high-latitude climate influenced tropical climate condition are not understood. This study seeks to understand the climate response to obliquity forcing in coupled ocean-atmosphere simulations. Pleistocene experiments were developed and analyzed to determine the mechanisms that link high and low latitudes during the late Pliocene to early Pleistocene. Surface gyre circulation in the South Pacific was identified as an oceanic mechanism that connects high-latitude and tropical oceans. This mechanism, tight closely to South Ocean sea ice extent, explains much of the tropical climate variability in Plio-Pleistocene proxy records especially the obliquity imprints in tropical records. By comparing simulated climate response to obliquity and precessional forcing, this study test a couple existing hypotheses account for the prominence of obliquity period in Pleistocene ice volume record and identify factors that explain the large sensitivity of ice volume record to obliquity. Within an obliquity cycle, seasonal as well as mean-annual forcing are both important in changing high-latitude snowfall. Net global snowfall and Antarctic snow accumulation tend to magnify the influence of obliquity forcing on the glacial ice volume.Ph.D.Oceanography: Marine Geology and GeochemistryUniversity of Michigan, Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studieshttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/61610/1/shihyu_1.pd

Circadian Activity Rhythms for Mothers with an Infant in ICU

Circadian rhythms influence sleep and wakefulness. Circadian activity rhythms (CAR) are altered in individuals with dementia or seasonal affective disorder. To date, studies exploring CAR and sleep in postpartum women are rare. The purpose of this report is to describe relationships between CAR, sleep disturbance, and fatigue among 72 first-time mothers during their second week postpartum while their newborn remain hospitalized in intensive care unit. Seventy-two mothers were included in this secondary data analysis sample from three separate studies. Participants completed the general sleep disturbance scale (GSDS), numerical rating scale for fatigue, and a sleep diary. The objective sleep data included total sleep time (TST), wake after sleep onset (WASO), and CAR determined by the circadian quotient (amplitude/mesor) averaged from at least 48-h of wrist actigraphy monitoring. The TST of mothers who self-reported as poor sleepers was 354 min (SEM = 21.9), with a mean WASO of 19.5% (SEM = 2.8). The overall sleep quality measured by the GSDS was clinically, significantly disrupted (M = 5.5, SD = 1.2). The mean score for morning fatigue was 5.8 (SD = 2.0), indicating moderate fatigue severity. The CAR was 0.62 (SEM = 0.04), indicating poor synchronization. The self-reported good sleepers (GSDS < 3) had better CAR (M = 0.71, SEM = 0.02) than poor sleepers (GSDS > 3) (t[70] = 2.0, p < 0.05). A higher circadian equation was associated with higher TST (r = 0.83, p < 0.001), less WASO (r = −0.50, p < 0.001), lower self-reported sleep disturbance scores (r = −0.35, p = 0.01), and less morning fatigue (r = −0.26). Findings indicate that mothers with a hospitalized infant have both nocturnal sleep problems and disturbed circadian activity rhythms. Factors responsible for these sleep and rhythm disturbances, the adverse effects on mother's physical and mental well-being, and mother–infant relationship require further study

Bright light therapy to promote sleep in mothers of low-birth-weight infants: a pilot study

Having a low-birth-weight (LBW) infant in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) can intensify a mother’s sleep disturbances due to both stress and the dim lighting in the ICU setting, which desynchronizes circadian rhythms. The purpose of this pilot study was to examine the effectiveness of a 3-week bright light therapy intervention on sleep and health outcomes of mothers with LBW infants in the NICU. Controlled stratified randomization was used to assign 30 mothers to a treatment or control group. Data were collected at pretreatment (second week postpartum) and after the 3-week intervention. Sleep data were assessed by wrist actigraph (total sleep time [TST], circadian activity rhythms [CARs]) and the General Sleep Disturbance scale. Other outcome variables were measured by the Lee’s Fatigue scale, Edinburgh Postpartum Depression scale, and the Medical Outcomes Short Form 36, version 2. Mothers averaged 26.6 (SD = 6.3) years of age, and the majority were Black (73%). The mean gestational age for the infants was 27.7 (SD = 2.0) weeks. Small to large effect sizes were found when comparing the pre- to posttreatment differences between groups. Although none of the differences were statistically significant in this small sample, for mothers in the treatment group nocturnal TST (d = .33), CAR (d = 1.06), morning fatigue (d = .22), depressive symptoms (d = .40), physical health–related quality of life (d = .33), and mental health–related quality of life (d = .60) all improved compared to the control group. Bright light therapy is feasible for mothers with infants in an NICU. Clinically significant improvements have been evidenced; a larger-scale trial of effectiveness is needed